04522nas a2200193 4500008004100000245013900041210006900180260001200249300001200261490000700273520383500280100002504115700001904140700001804159700002004177700002004197700002004217856009104237 2007 eng d00aAnnotated checklist of fungus gnats from Sweden (Diptera: Bolitophilidae, Diadocidiidae, Ditomyiidae, Keroplatidae and Mycetophilidae)0 aAnnotated checklist of fungus gnats from Sweden Diptera Bolitoph c12/2007 a1–1280 v653 a

The first modern Swedish checklist of fungus gnats of the families Bolitophilidae, Diadocidiidae, Ditomyiidae, Keroplatidae and Mycetophilidae is presented. The checklist results from a comprehensive literature research as well as treatment of a considerable determined and undetermined material from Swedish museum collections and recent material from several sources. To get better grounds for judging many old and doubtful records from Sweden, a nearly complete review of fungus gnats from the J. W. Zetterstedt collection at the Museum of Zoology in Lund has been undertaken and identifications corrected where needed. In order to preserve nomenclatural stability three species names are reinstated, all with priority over junior synonyms, viz. Orfelia lugubris (Zetterstedt, 1851) comb. n. = Orfelia tristis (Lundström, 1911) syn. n., Ectrepesthoneura ovata Ostroverkhova, 1977 = Ectrepesthoneura bucera Plassmann, 1980 syn. n., and Dynatosoma thoracicum (Zetterstedt, 1838) sens. auct. nec Zaitzev = Dynatosoma norwegiense Zaitzev & Økland, 1994 syn. n. We further find the holotype of Mycetophila grisea Zetterstedt, 1852 to be identical to Mycetophila perpallida Chandler, 1993, but retain Mycetophila perpallida pending a review of other possible synonyms with precedence. Ectrepesthoneura pubescens (Zetterstedt, 1860) is found to be a synonym of Ectrepesthoneura unifurcata (Zetterstedt, 1860) comb. n. syn. n. where the first name is retained as valid due to page priority. Four names described by Zetterstedt remain nom. dub., viz.: Mycomya diluta (Zetterstedt, 1860), Mycomya (Mycomya) notata (Zetterstedt, 1860), Brevicornu fusculum (Zetterstedt, 1838), and Brevicornu obscurellum (Zetterstedt, 1838) comb. n. Stigmatomeria obscura (Winnertz, 1863) sp. restit. is found to be a distinct species separate from Stigmatomeria crassicornis (Stannius, 1831). New combinations are suggested for Exechia praedita Plassmann, 1976 = Exechiopsis (Xenexechia) praedita (Plassmann, 1976) comb. n., and for Rhymosia pectinacea Ostroverkhova, 1979 = Pseudexechia pectinacea (Ostroverkhova, 1979) comb. n. Having removed 17 published species names with doubtful or wrong records (listed at the end) we find that the published sources comprise altogether 585 species. 137 species are reported for the first time in Sweden, bringing the total up to 722. Additional 36 species considered to be new to science are mentioned for completeness, but will be further presented and described elsewhere. Hence, at present the known fauna (including claimed undescribed species) comprises 758 species in 83 genera; 25 species of the family Bolitophilidae, 5 of the family Diadocidiidae, 3 of the family Ditomyiidae, 45 of the family Keroplatidae, 679 of the family Mycetophilidae and 1 in the unplaced genus Sciarosoma Chandler. For each species a full account of published Swedish sources with pagination, all synonyms used in Sweden and the currently known distribution in the Swedish provinces as well as the known world distribution is given. The Swedish species of fungus gnats are generally very widespread: 47% being widespread in Europe, 43% being distributed in the Eastern Palaearctic Region, and 25% having a Holarctic distribution. We find significantly higher species richness in the boreal forests of northern Sweden, but only 3% of the species so far described are known only from the Nordic biogeographical region.

1 aKjærandsen, Jostein1 aHedmark, Kjell1 aKurina, Olavi1 aPolevoi, Alexei1 aØkland, Bjørn1 aGötmark, Frank uhttp://www.online-keys.net/sciaroidea/add01/Kjerandsen_et_al_2007_Checklist_Sweden.pdf02637nas a2200145 4500008004100000245017000041210006900211260001500280300000900295490000900304520204800313100002902361700001802390856008302408 2007 eng d00aPhylogeny of the Mycetophiliformia, with proposal of the subfamilies Heterotrichinae, Ohakuneinae, and Chiletrichinae for the Rangomaramidae (Diptera, Bibionomorpha)0 aPhylogeny of the Mycetophiliformia with proposal of the subfamil c30/07/2007 a1-920 v15353 aA phylogenetic analysis of the Mycetophiliformia (= Sciaroidea) was performed to determine the relationships among its families and to place the following genera of uncertain position in the system: Heterotricha, Ohakunea, Colonomyia, Freemanomyia, Rhynchoheterotricha, Chiletricha, Afrotricha, Anisotricha, Kenyatricha, Nepaletricha, Sciarosoma, Sciaropota, Insulatricha, Cabamofa, Rogambara, and Starkomyia. Eratomyia n. gen. is described based on a new species from Ecuador. Colonomyia brasiliana sp.n. and Colonomyia freemani sp.n. are described respectively from southern Brazil and Chile. The male of Cabamofa mira Jaschhof is described for the first time. A total of 64 terminal taxa and 137 transformation series (with 202 characters) were included in the data matrix, with a number of new features from thoracic morphology. Willi Hennig’s 1973 system for the higher Bibionomorpha was adopted using the name Mycetophiliformia for the Sciaroidea. The Mycetophiliformia are monophyletic. The family Cecidomyiidae appears as the sister group of the remaining Mycetophiliformia, followed by the Sciaridae. In the preferred topology, the Rangomaramidae appear as the group sister of a clade consisting of (Ditomyiidae + Bolitophilidae + Diadocidiidae + Keroplatidae) and of (Lygistorrhinidae + Mycetophilidae). The topology within the Rangomaramidae is (Chiletrichinae subfam. n. (Heterotrichinae subfam. n. ((Rangomaraminae + Ohakuneinae subfam. n.))). Te Chiletrichinae include the genera Kenyatricha, Rhynchoheterotricha, Insulatricha, Chiletricha, and Eratomyia n. gen. Heterotrichinae and Rangomaraminae are monotypic. The subfamily Ohakuneinae includes Ohakunea, Colonomyia, Cabamofa, and Rogambara. The positions of Freemanomyia, Loicia, Taxicnemis, Sciaropota, Starkomyia, Anisotricha, Nepaletricha, and Sciarosoma are considered. Afrotricha might belong to the Sciaridae. The similarities used by many authors to gather the Sciaridae and Mycetophilidae in a clade are shown to be a combination of plesiomorphies and homoplasies.1 aAmorim, Dalton, de Sousa1 aRindal, Eirik uhttp://www.online-keys.net/sciaroidea/2000_/Amorim&Rindal2007_Zootaxa_1535.pdf01932nas a2200157 4500008004100000245009700041210006900138300001000207490000700217520138000224653001201604653002501616100001801641700002001659856009501679 2006 eng d00aPhylogeny of the Sciaroidea (Diptera): the implication of additional taxa and character data0 aPhylogeny of the Sciaroidea Diptera the implication of additiona a63-680 v203 aA cladistic analysis of the extant Sciaroidea was made, using re-evaluated morphological characters, with some additional taxa and with or without the Mesozoic Mesosciophilidae in the ingroup. When the new data were incorporated, the conflict between our earlier phylogenies, with extant taxa only and with both extant and fossil taxa in the ingroup, was resolved. The present result is similar to the one we reached earlier with extant + fossil taxa, which showed the Cecidomyiidae as the sister group of all other Sciaroidea, instead of the Cecidomyiidae appearing as the sister group of the Mycetophilidae + Sciaridae. In the new hypothesis, the main clades of the Sciaroidea outside the Cecidomyiidae were as follows: Ditomyiidae + ( Diadocidiidae + (( Keroplatidae + ((( Bolitophilidae + (((( Mesosciophila + ((((( Starkomyia + rest of Sciaroidea))))). The placement of the recently described, enigmatic New Zealand genus Starkomyia Jaschhof was similar regardless of whether the fossil Mesosciophilidae were included in the analysis or not. The two still-undescribed Neotropical taxa that we included fell in the Rangomaraminae clade within the Sciaridae. Unlike our earlier result with extant taxa only, and similar to our extant + fossil result, the Ohakunea + Colonomyia clade now appears as the sister group of the Mycetophilidae-Lygistorrhinidae-Sciaridae lineage.10aInsecta10aNematocera : Diptera1 aHippa, Heikki1 aVilkamaa, Pekka uhttp://www.online-keys.net/sciaroidea/2000_/Hippa_&_Wilkamaa_2006_Scioroidea_phylogeny.pdf03320nas a2200241 4500008004100000245011000041210006900151300000900220490000900229520242600238653001502664653002502679653003002704653000902734653001102743653004202754653005002796653004302846653003902889100002902928700002002957856010102977 2004 eng d00aFossil Sciaroidea (Diptera) in Cretaceous ambers, exclusive of Cecidomyiidae, Sciaridae, and Keroplatidae0 aFossil Sciaroidea Diptera in Cretaceous ambers exclusive of Ceci a1-760 v34333 aThe Recent world fauna of Sciaroidea, or fungus gnats, comprises approximately 4000 described species in eight families: Bolitophilidae, Cecidomyiidae, Diadocidiidae, Ditomyiidae, Keroplatidae, Lygistorrhinidae, Mycetophilidae, and Sciaridae. Larvae live primarily in decaying vegetation, feeding on fungal mycelia, and they can be among the most abundant insects of temperate forests. Stem-group families appeared in the Jurassic, with large Tertiary deposits being composed almost entirely of living genera, so the Cretaceous is essential for understanding the origins and diversification of Recent families. Sixty-six specimens were studied from six major deposits of Cretaceous amber, spanning 40 million years from the Early to Late Cretaceous: Lebanon (ca. 125 Ma), northern Spain (120 Ma), northern Myanmar (Burma) (ca. 105 Ma), northern Siberia (two sites, 105 and 87 Ma), New Jersey (90 Ma), and western Canada (80 Ma). New taxa are the following: Docidiadia burmitica (n.gen., n.sp.) (Diadocidiidae); Thereotricha sibirica, (?)T. agapa (n.gen., n.spp.) (Sciaroidea incertae sedis); Archaeognoriste primitiva, Lebanognoriste prima, Plesiognoriste carpenteri, P. zherikhini, Protognoriste amplicauda, P. goeleti, P. nascifoa, Leptognoriste davisi, L. microstoma (n.gen., n.spp.) (Lygistorrhinidae). In Mycetophilidae sensu stricto: Alavamanota burmitina, n.sp. (Manotinae), Neuratelia maimecha, n.sp., Allocotocera burmitica, n.sp., Pseudomanota perplexa, n.gen., n.sp. (Sciophilinae Sciophilini); Apolephthisa bulunensis, n.sp., Synapha longistyla, n.sp., Dziedzickia nashi, n.sp., Saigusaia pikei, n.sp., Syntemna fissurata, n.sp., Gregikia pallida, n.gen., n.sp., Gaalomyia carolinae, n.gen., n.sp. (Sciophilinae Gnoristini); Nedocosia exsanguis, N. sibirica, N. canadensis, N. novacaesarea, n.gen., n.spp.; Ectrepesthoneura succinimontana, E. swolenskyi, n.spp.; Izleiina mirifica, I. spinitibialis, n.gen., n.spp.; Zeliina orientalis, Z. occidentalis, n.gen., n.spp.; Temaleia birmitica, n.gen., n.sp., Lecadonileia parvistyla, n.gen., n.sp.; Disparoleia cristata, n.gen., n.sp.; Hemolia matilei, H. glabra, n.gen., n.spp.; and Protragoneura platycera, n.sp. (Sciophilinae Leiini). Relationships of the fossil genera are phylogenetically assessed with living genera. The Burmese amber fauna contains an inordinate abundance and diversity of sciaroids, perhaps because of a wetter paleoclimate in that region.10aCRETACEOUS10aDescribed from amber10aOf superfamily Sciaroidea10ap. 910aRussia10aThereotricha ( Nematocera ) : Gen nov10aThereotricha sibirica ( Nematocera ) : Sp nov10aThereotricha? agapa ( Nematocera ) : S10aType species Thereotricha sibirica1 aBlagoderov, Vladimir, A.1 aGrimaldi, David uhttp://www.online-keys.net/sciaroidea/2000_/Blagoderov_Grimaldi_2004_Fossil_sciaroidea_gen_n.pdf00301nam a2200121 4500008004100000245001900041210001900060260001900079300001000098490000600108100001600114856004900130 1951 eng d00aMycetophilidae0 aMycetophilidae bBritish Museum a1-1380 v31 aFreeman, P. uhttps://sciaroidea.myspecies.info/node/2381701918nas a2200145 4500008004100000245014200041210006900183300001200252490000700264520138300271100002401654700002401678700002101702856004901723 2006 eng d00aThe fungus gnats (Diptera: Bolitophilidae, Diadocidiidae, Ditomyiidae, Keroplatidae and Mycetophilidae) of Greece, its islands and Cyprus0 afungus gnats Diptera Bolitophilidae Diadocidiidae Ditomyiidae Ke a255-3140 v123 a

The species of fungus gnats (Bolitophilidae, Diadocidiidae, Ditomyiidae, Keroplatidae and Mycetophilidae) occurring in Greece and Cyprus are reviewed. Altogether 201 species are recorded, 189 for Greece and 69 for Cyprus. Of these 126 species are newly recorded for Greece and 36 are newly recorded for Cyprus. The following new taxa are described from Greece: Macrorrhyncha ibis spec. nov., M. pelargos spec. nov., M. laconica spec. nov., Macrocera critica spec. nov., Docosia cephaloniae spec. nov., D. enos spec. nov., D. pasiphae spec. nov., Megophthalmidia illyrica spec. nov., M. ionica spec. nov., M. pytho spec. nov., Mycomya thrakis spec. nov., Allocotocera scheria spec. nov., Sciophila pandora spec. nov., Rymosia labyrinthos spec. nov.; M. illyrica is also recorded from Croatia. The following new taxa are described from Cyprus: Macrocera cypriaca spec. nov., Megophthalmidia alnicola spec. nov., M. cedricola spec. nov. The following new synonymies are proposed: Mycomya tenuis (WALKER, 1856) = M. intermissa PLASSMANN, 1984 syn. nov., Phronia willistoni DZIEDZICKI, 1889 = P. incisa CASPERS, 1991 syn. nov. A key is provided for the western Palaearctic species of Macrorrhyncha WINNERTZ. The composition of the fauna of these families in Greece and Cyprus is discussed in relation to the Mediterranean and to the wider distribution of genera and species.

1 aChandler, Peter, J.1 aBechev, Dimitar, N.1 aCaspers, Norbert uhttps://sciaroidea.myspecies.info/node/2383602478nas a2200205 4500008004100000245010700041210006900148300001200217490000700229520167400236653001601910653001301926653004001939653002701979653004502006653007502051100001802126700002002144856010802164 2005 eng d00aThe genus Sciarotricha gen. n. (Sciaridae) and the phylogeny of Recent and fossil Sciaroidea (Diptera)0 agenus Sciarotricha gen n Sciaridae and the phylogeny of Recent a a121-1430 v363 aThe phylogeny of the main groups of the Sciaroidea, including the fossil Antefungivoridae[dagger], Archizelmiridae[dagger], Mesosciophilidae[dagger], Pleciofungivoridae, Pleciomimidae[dagger], Protopleciidae[dagger] and Bolitophilidae: Mangasinae[dagger], and an extant new taxon, was studied by parsimony analysis. Two cladistic analyses of seventy-eight morphological characters from adults were made. One analysis, with forty-one extant taxa in the ingroup and the other, with the addition of twelve fossil taxa, both produced two most parsimonious cladograms. The phylogenetic hypotheses obtained differed from each other, and in part also to a great extent from previous ones although most of the traditionally recognized groups appeared monophyletic, including the speciose Cecidomyiidae and Sciaridae. The Cecidomyiidae (fossil analysis) or the Keroplatidae-Ditomyiidae (extant analysis) appeared as the sister-group of the rest of the Sciaroidea. Following on from these analyses, we propose emending the current Sciaridae to include the following subfamilies: Archizelmirinae[dagger] stat. n., Rangomarammae stat. n., Sciarinae, Sciarosominae subfam. n. and Sciarotrichinae subfam. n. A new taxon from Namibia, Sciarotricha biloba gen. n., sp. n. is described, and, according to the phylogenetic analysis, is placed in the Sciaridae (Sciarotrichinae). The sister-group of the Sciaridae as newly defined is the Mycetophilidae group, in the extant analysis including the Mycetophilidae, Manotidae, Lygistorrhinidae, Pterogymnus and Sciaropota, and in the fossil analysis even including the Mesosciophilidae[dagger] and the Ohakunea group (Ohakunea+ Colononlyia).10aCladistics-10aInsecta-10aNew-species; Nematocera- : Diptera-10aRecent-and-fossil-taxa10aSciaroidea- ( Nematocera- ) : Phylogeny-10asystematic-implications; Sciarotricha-biloba ( Sciaridae- ) : Namibia-1 aHippa, Heikki1 aVilkamaa, Pekka uhttp://www.online-keys.net/sciaroidea/2000_/Hippa_&_Wilkimae_2005_sciarotricha_phylogeny_Sciaroidea.pdf