TY - JOUR T1 - Oak woodland restoration: testing the effects on biodiversity of mycetophilids in southern Sweden JF - Biodiversity and Conservation Y1 - 2007 A1 - Okland, Bjorn A1 - Gotmark, Frank A1 - Norden, Bjorn SP - 2599 EP - 2616 AB - The effect of harvesting biofuel and woodland restoration on biodiversity is debated. To evaluate the effects of partial cutting on more organism groups, we used pairwise experimental and undisturbed control stands in a large landscape. On average 26% of the basal area including 50-95% of the understorey was harvested at each of 15 oak-rich forest sites. Our earlier results of partial cutting suggested a positive short-term effect for vascular plants and beetles and no or minor negative effects for fungi. Here we analyse the response of mycetophilids (Diptera: Sciaroidea excl. Sciaridae), a neglected but species-rich insect group that was strongly disfavoured by clear-cutting in previous studies. Increased deadwood (slash) caused increase in the number of individuals of mycetophilids associated with wood or wood fungi. The rarefaction species numbers of mycetophilids declined after the treatment, but the absolute number of species was not affected. Our results indicate that a 25% harvest can be compatible with conservation of vascular plants, fungi, saproxylic and herbivorous beetles and mycetophilids in temperate hardwood stands of the type studied. However, more studies are needed to determine what level(s) of stand thinning can be tolerated by different taxa in landscapes with small fragmented conservation stands. L2 - 43864 L3 - 44400 VL - 117 UR - http://www.online-keys.net/sciaroidea/add01/Okland_2007_OakRestorationpdf.pdf CP - 11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New rearing records of forest-dwelling Diptera. JF - Dipterological Research Y1 - 1999 A1 - Okland, Bjorn SP - 133 EP - 146 AB - Information about larval ecology is fundamental in entomological research; however, in many insect species the larval habitat is still unknown. In the present project, Diptera insects were reared from various microhabitats and substrates of coniferous and deciduous forests of southern Norway. The material included 54 species that have not been reared earlier and 213 new species-microhabitat relationships. Many new records were found in dead wood of common tree species, such as Picea abies, Populus tremula and Fraxinus excelsior. Microhabitats associated with the root zone of windfelled trees showed the highest number of new species-microhabitat relationships. L2 - 43863 L3 - 44399 VL - 10 UR - http://www.online-keys.net/sciaroidea/add01/Okland_1999_Rearing_records.pdf CP - 3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional diversity of mycetophilids (Diptera: Sciaroidea) in Scandinavian oak-dominated forests JF - Biological Conservation Y1 - 2005 A1 - Okland, Bjorn A1 - Gotmark, Frank A1 - Norden, Bjorn A1 - Franc, Niklas A1 - Kurina, Olavi A1 - Polevoi, Alexei SP - 9 EP - 20 KW - Angiospermae- KW - Animalia-; [26070-] Fagaceae- KW - Arthropoda- KW - Biodiversity-; Biogeography-: Population-Studies; Forestry-; Terrestrial-Ecology: Ecology- KW - Dicotyledones- KW - Environmental-Sciences; [75314-] Diptera- KW - Insecta- KW - Invertebrata- KW - Plan KW - Spermatophyta- AB - Mycetophilids is a species-rich insect group for which the ecological requirements in temperate forests are poorly understood. This study of mycetophilids was based on trap samples from 15 oak-dominated sites in the boreonemoral zone of southern Sweden. Species richness and composition were analysed in relation to environmental variables at a local and at larger scales (multiple regression), and compared to results from similar studies in spruce-dominated sites in the boreal zone of Norway (PCA and two-sample t tests). Regressions showing a dominance of regional factors over local in-site variables agree with species-richness models assuming that local communities most often are unsaturated. Precipitation (inter-correlated with elevation) was the strongest factor for explaining the variation in species-richness, which is consistent with previous results indicating that mycetophilids are disfavoured by drought. In addition to precipitation, the area of mixed forest with high biodiversity values (woodland key habitats and protected areas) was a positive factor for species-richness, probably because such habitats combine elements of both coniferous and deciduous forests. PCA ordination revealed a clear separation of the species composition between boreal and boreonemoral forests. Species-richness in boreal forest was significantly higher than in boreonemoral forest, indicating a preference for boreal habitats in many of the species. For mycetophilids and other drought-sensitive insects, it is suggested that (partial) cutting in some dense successional oak stands should be avoided, and that some invading spruces should be tolerated. Copyright 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. L2 - 22704 L3 - 22721 VL - 121 UR - http://www.online-keys.net/sciaroidea/2000_/Okland_et_al_2005_regional_Mycetophilidae.pdf N1 - ArticleEnglish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mycetophilids (Diptera, Sciaroidea) from southeastern Norway JF - Fauna Norvegica Series B Y1 - 1997 A1 - Okland, Bjorn A1 - Zaitzev, Alexander I. SP - 27 EP - 37, illustr. KW - Sciaroidea; NORWAY-; South east; Species list including 162 first records for Norway; * INSECTA-; ** DIPTERA-; *** NEMATOCERA-; Sciaroidea; Invertebrates; Arthropods; Insects; Dipterans/True Flies L2 - 22707 L3 - 22724 VL - 44 UR - http://www.online-keys.net/sciaroidea/1991_2000/Okland_&_Zaitzev_1997_Mycetophilids_from_Southeastern_Norway.pdf N1 - English ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Management effects on the decomposer fauna of Diptera in spurce forests JF - Studia Dipterologica Y1 - 2000 A1 - Okland, Bjorn SP - 213 EP - 222 L2 - 22703 L3 - 22720 VL - 7 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fungus gnats (Diptera: Sciaroidea excl. Sciaridae) in the Swedish boreonemoral forests JF - Studia Dipterologica Y1 - 2005 A1 - Kurina, Olavi A1 - Polevoi, Alexei A1 - Gotmark, Frank A1 - Okland, Bjorn A1 - Frank, Niklas A1 - Norden, Bjorn A1 - Hedmark, Kjell SP - 471 EP - 488 KW - boreonemoral-forests; Mycetophilidae- : Europe- KW - Distribution-records-including-76-new-records KW - Docosia-setosa KW - Fennoscandia- KW - Insecta- KW - Mycetophila-eppingensis KW - Mycetophila-lobulata KW - Mycetophila-pyrenaica KW - Mycetophila-subsigillata KW - New-records; Brevicornu-cognatum KW - Sceptonia-cryptocauda KW - Sceptonia-flavipuncta KW - Sceptonia-longistosa KW - Sceptonia-pilosa KW - Sceptonia-pughi KW - Sciaroidea- ( Nematocera- ) : Sweden- KW - Sciophila-interup; Nematocera- : Diptera- AB -

Fungus gnats in boreonemoral forests of south Sweden are studied using material collected with Malaise and window traps from 17 localities in the years 2001 and 2002. 250 species are recorded including 76 species new to Sweden. 14 of these are found in Fennoscandia for the first time: Docosia setosa LANDROCK, D. spec. (indet. sensu HUTSON et al. 1980), Brevicornu cognatum OSTROVERKHOVA, Mycetophila eppingensis CHANDLER, M. lobulata A. ZAITZEV, M. pyrenaica MATILE, M. subsigillata A. ZAITZEV, Sceptonia cryptocauda CHANDLER, S. flavipuncta EDWARDS, S. longisetosa SEVCIK, S. pilosa BUKOWSKI, S. pughi CHANDLER, Sciophila interrupta (WINNERTZ) and S. plurisetosa EDWARDS. One new synonym is proposed: Dynatosoma dihaeta POLEVOI, 1995 = Dynatosoma schachti PLASSMANN, 1999 syn. nov.

L2 - 22327 L3 - 51306 VL - 11 N1 - Article; PrintEnglish ER -