Catotrichinae subfam. n.: a re-examination of higher classification in gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)

Catotricha is a species-poor, relict group of ancient gall midges (Cecidomyiidae), formerly classified in the subfamily Lestremiinae. It is here excluded from the Lestremiinae and given subfamily rank of its own. The Catotrichinae subfam. n. are sister group of the remainder of the Cecidomyiidae, Lestremiinae s. str. + (Porricondylinae + Cecidomyiinae). The Lestremiinae in this new, strict sense are shown to be monophyletic, justified by a pecularity of their antennae. Details of the antennae, palpi and thorax in Catotricha are discussed phylogenetically and with consideration of homologous structures in other Mycetophiliformia. Catotricha fraterna sp. n. from Australia is described. Catotricha nipponensis (Alexander, 1924) from Japan is redescribed; Catotricha antennata Alexander, 1959 is considered a junior synonym of nipponensis.